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A modern photocopier can be thought of as consisting of a scanner and a printer tied together. A scanner throws light on an original document and uses light detection devises to tell which parts are dark and which are light. Color scanners can tell the difference not only between black and white but between various colors. The scanner then creates an electronic file that records the light/dark or color variations in a coded form and send it to a computer, along a telephone line (as a FAX), or to a printer. The printer portion of a modern photocopier receives an electronic file coding the image of a page and converts it to instructions for illluminating a photoreceptor, which changes electrical charge when exposed to light. The printer then applies toner (dry ink) to the photoreceptor and the ink sticks where the charge holds it and falls off where the charge does not hold it. The pattern thus created is transfered to paper and stuck to the paper by application of heat and pressure. The result is a very good copy of the original.

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