The Latin word for "Sun" is "Sol". The word "solar" means "about the Sun".
I assume you mean "around the Sun". That is the Earth's orbit. The plane of this orbit is called the ecliptic.
The Sun doesn't go anywhere; it sits there in the middle of the solar system. What is happening is that the Earth is an enormous ball that is turning. The Sun's light is shining on the Earth all the time, and whichever side of Earth is facing the Sun is experiencing "day". As the Earth keeps turning the side that was in the sunlight turns away from the Sun and the Sun appears to go down. But the Earth keeps turning, and soon the Sun "rises" and it is daytime again.
Louis XVI did not have a symbol. His great grandfather Louis XIV did, he was "le roi du soleil" (the sun king) and had the sun as his symbol.
Santa travels about 160 million kilometers on Christmas Eve to deliver his presents to all the good boys and girls of the world. That is farther than the distance of the sun.
Solstice
The word you are looking for is "Solstice." The winter solstice marks the shortest day of the year and the official start of winter.
"Joulu" is from the Finnish language and means Christmas, it has its origin in the old Viking word "hjul" which means "sun wheel". The Finnish Christmas celebrations have their roots in an old pagan harvest feast called Kekri which was celebrated at the end of November.
The Latin word for "Sun" is "Sol". The word "solar" means "about the Sun".
"Daybreak" is a compound word that means when the sun comes up.
Helios was the Greek god of the sun. The word is sometimes used for the sun, in the word "heliocentric" (sun-centred) for example.
The word solar means connected to or relating to the sun.
Sunset.
Heliotropic.
the rise and fall of the sun or the turning of the earth.
Solar means "about the Sun" in Latin. The Latin word for "Sun" is "Sol".
Taiyo