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1) soil texture

2) soil structure

3) soil compaction

4) soil organic matter

5) soil chemistry

6) soil fertility

7) soil horizons

8) soil temperature

9) soil moisture

10) soil pH

11) soil color

Soils have always been classified in various ways by geographers and soil scientists.

In 1974 the united nations introduce the "FAO World Soil Classification".

In 1998 thisFAO system was replaced by the "World Reference Base for Soil Resources", which introduced new classifications (deleting old favourites like "podzols").

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