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Lower chordates, such as tunicates and lancelets, and higher chordates, including mammals, birds, and reptiles, share several key features. Both groups possess a notochord at some stage of development, a dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail, which characterize the phylum Chordata. Additionally, they both exhibit similar patterns of embryonic development and have a segmented body plan. Despite differences in complexity and habitat, these fundamental traits highlight their shared evolutionary heritage.

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