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Neil Armstrong served as backup commander and Capsule Communicator for the 8 day Gemini 5 mission. Buzz Aldrin was also a Capcom for Gemini 5.

As backup for Gemini 8, Armstrong fell into the position of Commander of Gemini 8. Most of the crews who were backups rotated to prime 3 missions later. Armstrong's backup Co-Pilot for Gemini 5 was Elliott See. However NASA felt that See should be Commander of his own flight and was assigned to Command Gemini 9, and Dave Scott replaced See on Gemini 8. During Gemini 8, Armstrong performed the first docking between 2 vehicles in space when he docked with an unmanned Agena vehicle. A few hours after docking, the 2 vehicles began an uncontrolled spin, turning one revolution every second. On the verge of blacking out, Armstrong was able to bring his vehicle under control. The flight rules dictated that Armstrong bring the vehicle back to earth on the next revolution. He performed the only emergency landing in NASA history. Had he not been able to gain control of the vehicle, the 2 astronauts would have blacked out and died. They were beginning to get tunnel vision when Armstrong gained control Tunnel vision is the begining of blacking out. Armstrong's performance during Gemini 8 put him at the top of the list of astronauts to make the first landing on the moon.

Following Gemini 8, Armstrong became the backup commander of Gemini 11. He was the backup commander for Apollo 8. He did not fly again until Apollo 11. Apollo 11 was his last spaceflight.

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