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Bluebottle jellyfish, or portuguese man o'war is not a jellyfish, but a colony of many siphonophora polyps.

Each polyp is a single animal in the polypoid stadium (not medusoid), specialized in particular functions, and all together are joint to make a unique "body": the colony. The floating part is a polyp full of gas, called siphonophore; the "eating" part are polyps called gastrozoids; the stingy tentacles are the dactylozoids; while the reproductive sistem is provided by gonozoids.

The bluebottle jelly (Physalia utriculus) is a different species than the Portuguese man of war (Physalia physalis). P. physalis is the only widely distributed species. P. utriculus, on the other hand, occurs in the Pacific and Indian oceans. P. physalis have much larger air bladders (pneumatophores) of up to 14 inches (35cm) than P. utriculus, which only measure up to 4 inches (10cm) in length. The real distinction between the two is that the man of war has many long tentacles, but the bluebottle only has one extremely long tentacle.

In other words, if you find a Physalia washed up on a Florida beach, you know that it is a Portuguese man of war. However, if you find one on an Australian beach that is smaller than your hand, with one extremely long, blue tentacle, you can call that one a bluebottle.

The Portuguese man of war is a misnomer to start with. Only the English built 'man of war' ships, a design that they based on the earlier Portuguese built 'caravel' fighting ships. But hey, the name stuck (except in Portugal, where they are called caravela portuguesa).

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