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Firstly, threats to the kiwi need to be addressed.
The biggest threat to the kiwi comes from dogs, feral cats and other imported pets including the stoat. Placing restrictions on imported pets, and restrictions on their unsupervised movement would go a long way towards helping preserve the kiwi.
Many kiwis are also killed every year by unregistered Pig-Hunting dogs. Tighter controls in this area could help, although registration of pig-hunting dogs does require Kiwi Aversion training.
Others are killed while crossing roads/highways, so increased signage (to raise awareness) and greater care by drivers in areas where there is signage could certainly save many kiwi lives.
Loss of habitat due to deforestation and destruction of large tracts of native bush is also endangering the kiwi. Not only does this threaten its food sources, but deforestation means the kiwi has fewer places to hide from its many predators. Reducing this ever-encroaching deforestation could help save the kiwi.
Official conservation programmes also have a place. There are currently many conservation plans in place to protect the New Zealand icon. The Kiwi Recovery Programme was initiated by the New Zealand government in 1991, and has been financially supported by the Bank of New Zealand and the Forest and Bird Society.
Research has been undertaken to learn more about the kiwi's needs and breeding habits. It is believed that 95% of young chicks do not survive past their first six months, and so captive breeding programmes have been established to improve the number of chicks. "Operation Nest Egg" involves the hatching of kiwi eggs in protected places such as Mount Bruce National Wildlife Centre, Auckland Zoo or Native Bird Recovery Centre in Whangarei, and releasing the chicks when they are much older. This has increased the survival rate of chicks to as much as 85%. Also, the use of DNA testing has enabled people involved in breeding programmes to identify unrelated kiwi that would breed stronger chicks by minimising in-breeding.
In addition, there are kiwi sanctuaries at Coromandel, Tongariro Forest, Okarito, Haast and Whangarei.
Trust and protection plans include:
- Bank of New Zealand Save the Kiwi Trust
- Rainbow Springs
- Moehau Environment Group
- Otanewainuku Kiwi Trust
- Karori Wildlife Sanctuary Trust
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