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In December 1642, Dutch explorer Abel Tasman sighted a new land which he described as mountainous and covered in cloud in the south, but more barren in the north. He had discovered New Zealand. The islands were named after the Dutch province of Zeeland. However, New Zealand remained largely unknown until Captain James Cook sailed past in 1769 and explored the island, charting the coastline extensively. Following Cook's detailed report, the usual run of Whalers, missionaries, and traders followed.

In 1840, Britain formally annexed the islands, and New Zealand's first permanent European settlement was established on 22 January 1840. New Zealand was initially part of the Australian colony of New South Wales. It became a separate colony in 1841 and became self-governing in 1852. Dominion status was attained in 1907, and full independence was granted in 1931 and ratified by New Zealand in 1947. (source: today.wmit.net - 22 January)

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Q: When and how did colonization begin in New Zealand?
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