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The 'perihelion' is the point during the orbit of Earth when our planet is closest to the sun. The date of the perihelion was January 3rd. The point when Earth is farthest from the sun is called the 'aphelion.' It will occur on July 7th. It does not matter if you are in the Northern Hemisphere or the Southern Hemisphere. The changing of the seasons is due to the tilt of the Earth's axis, not its varying proximity to the sun. The dates of the perihelion and the aphelion actually change over long periods of time. Our twelve month calendar, the time it takes to go completely around the sun, is called a 'tropical' year. The time it takes to go from one perihelion to the next is called an 'anomalistic' year, and an anomalistic year is about 25 minutes longer than the tropical year. This means that the date of the perihelion changes by one day every 58 years, and 'regresses' entirely through a tropical in approximately 21,000 years. It is thought by many scientists that such a change might have a long term effect on the Earth's climate.

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