Astronomers know that just as large objects from space have cause catastrphes on Earth in the past they are likely to do so again in the future. By finding such objects and calculating their paths they learn which ones have paths that intersect Earth's orbit. By calculating when and where that will happen they discover which ones are a threat to Earth. With such advance warning they can send a spacecraft to the object to change its path so it is no longer a threat. For example, astronomers know that a large object will pass close to Earth on Friday the 13th of April 2029. It will miss Earth, but it will be so close that it will be closer than our communication satelites.
Mars would have to find more mass if it wanted to equal the Earth's. It has only 11% of Earth's mass.
The earth's mass has no effect on its orbit. An astronaut on a "space walk" hovering over the space shuttle's cargo bay is in the same earth-orbit as the shuttle itself is, although his mass is much less than the shuttle's mass. At the same time, the shuttle and the astronaut are both in the same solar orbit as the earth is, although each of them has quite a bit less mass than the earth has.
Earth has more mass.
The minimum mass is estimated at about 1.13 times Earth's mass. The maximum possible mass is not known.
Deserts cover about 33% of the total land mass of the earth.
climate change
5 mass extinctions
There have been five mass extinctions in the past 4 billion years on Earth. These events resulted in the widespread loss of species and fundamentally reshaped the evolution of life on our planet.
When geologist refer to the Big Five they are referring to the five mass extinctions on Earth. Some of these extinctions are the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras.
The outcomes of each of the mass extinctions is that animal and/or bacteria die.
When geologist refer to the Big Five they are referring to the five mass extinctions on Earth. Some of these extinctions are the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras.
Mass extinctions have had a profound impact on the history of life by dramatically altering the diversity and composition of species. They have caused major shifts in ecosystems and have created opportunities for new species to evolve and adapt. Additionally, mass extinctions have played a key role in shaping the evolutionary trajectory of life on Earth.
No, they are fundamental to the process of evolution. Mass extinctions are less common.
Mass extinctions occur when the conditions on Earth change faster than species can adapt. Since humans have greatly changed the conditions on Earth and continue to change them at rapid rates, a mass extinction is a likely possibility if nothing is done to reverse or stop the changes (mainly the amount of carbon dioxide being released to the atmosphere). Another common cause of mass extinctions are extraterrestrial which cannot be predicted and are somewhat spontaneous.
Bad things
Mass extinctions occur when extreme temperatures happen.https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/evolution/extinction3.htm
It is incorrect to assume that mass extinctions carry only negative impacts because they can also create opportunities for evolutionary diversification and innovation. After a mass extinction, ecological niches become available, allowing surviving species to adapt, evolve, and fill these roles, often leading to the emergence of new species and ecosystems. Additionally, mass extinctions can eliminate dominant species, paving the way for previously marginalized organisms to thrive and drive evolutionary change. Thus, while they are disruptive, mass extinctions can also be catalysts for significant evolutionary advancements.