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We have seasons because of the way the earth's position relates to the sun as the earth goes around the sun. Going around once equals one year.

The amount of daylight versus darkness changes over the course of the year, and that is how we divide the seasons.

* There's a shortest day (meaning most darkness, least daylight), and that is the first day of winter. It comes about Dec. 21st in the northern hemisphere. * There's a longest day, and that's the first day of summer, about June 21st. Notice that this is six months off the shortest day--halfway around the year, halfway through one revolution around the sun. * In between going from short to long and from long to short, there's a midpoint when the day and night are the same length. That's the marker for the first day of spring (March 21st) and the first day of autumn (September 21st). Those dates are halfway between winter and summer. That makes four quarters, four seasons.

The calendar does not precisely match the movement of the planet. It varies by less than a day, but the variances add up, and that's why we have leap years, to make a correction of the variance. Because of those slight differences, the start of the season might be a day off either way, so this time (2008) the first day of fall is the 22nd instead of the 21st.

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