What are the element of Indian music?

Answer 1

Elements if Indian Music (Both Carnatic and Hindustani)

Svara (or svar)

• notes of a scale
• notes represented by syllables from Indian solfege (sa ri ga ma pa da ni sa)
• all syllables, except sa and pa, can be raised or lowered to make a full 12-tone scale
• syllables not fixed to specific pitches

Drone

• the continuous repetition of the notes sa and pa which reinforces the tonal centre throughout the piece
• these notes are played continuously on tambura (long-neck plucked string instrument)
• strings left to vibrate so tones overlap
• modern performances: drone may be provided electronically by a drone box

Tala

• metrical or rhythmic cycle

• distinguished by: - number of beats

- the way beats or grouped into larger sections

• same tala used throughout the rhythmic section(s) of the music composition
• North Indian Tala: South Indian Tala:

Adi Talam - 8 beats

Jhaptal - 10 beats

Khanda chapu - 10 beats

Ektal - 12 beats

Rupakatalam - 12 beats

Misrachapu - 14 beats

intal - 16 beats

Adi talam rendu kalai - 16 beats

Raga

• a melodic framework

- uses a particular scale and specific melodic movements

- tonal framework for composition and improvisation

• each raga is either associated with serious or light moods and are also associated with the time of day and season
• names of every raga does not necessarily convey a meaning

North Indian Raga:

-Raga exposition on the sarangi: pentatonic scale: Malkauns

South Indian Raga:

-Raga exposition on the vina: sankarabharanam

-Raga exposition on the vina: mohanam

Gamaka

• melodic ornamentations that arise out of musical movement
• an integral aspect of indian music performance
• helps define the raga

Answer 2

Elements of indian MusicElements if Indian Music (Both Carnatic and Hindustani)

Svara (or svar)

• notes of a scale
• notes represented by syllables from Indian solfege (sa ri ga ma pa da ni sa)
• all syllables, except sa and pa, can be raised or lowered to make a full 12-tone scale
• syllables not fixed to specific pitches

Drone

• the continuous repetition of the notes sa and pa which reinforces the tonal centre throughout the piece
• these notes are played continuously on tambura (long-neck plucked string instrument)
• strings left to vibrate so tones overlap
• modern performances: drone may be provided electronically by a drone box

Tala

• metrical or rhythmic cycle

• distinguished by: - number of beats

- the way beats or grouped into larger sections

• same tala used throughout the rhythmic section(s) of the music composition
• North Indian Tala: South Indian Tala:

Adi Talam - 8 beats

Jhaptal - 10 beats

Khanda chapu - 10 beats

Ektal - 12 beats

Rupakatalam - 12 beats

Misrachapu - 14 beats

intal - 16 beats

Adi talam rendu kalai - 16 beats

Raga

• a melodic framework

- uses a particular scale and specific melodic movements

- tonal framework for composition and improvisation

• each raga is either associated with serious or light moods and are also associated with the time of day and season
• names of every raga does not necessarily convey a meaning

North Indian Raga:

-Raga exposition on the sarangi: pentatonic scale: Malkauns

South Indian Raga:

-Raga exposition on the vina: sankarabharanam

-Raga exposition on the vina: mohanam

Gamaka

• melodic ornamentations that arise out of musical movement
• an integral aspect of indian music performance
• helps define the raga