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The answer to this question varies dramatically depending on the TYPE of radiation involved, as there are many; as well as how the "large amounts of radiation" are received.

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First there are two different main types of radiation, and within each type there are different subtypes, each having differing effects in overdose:

  1. Electromagnetic radiation - e.g. radio, TV, microwave, infrared, light, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma ray.
  2. Particulate radiation - e.g. alpha, beta, gamma, neutron, cosmic ray, heavy ion.
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Note: The gamma ray listed as electromagnetic radiation and gamma listed under particulate radiation are the same radiation, but at that very high energy per photon particle quantum mechanics makes it impossible to clearly say it is either an electromagnetic wave or a particle.

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The effects of overdose exposure of each of the above listed types of radiation are:

  • radio - very difficult to impossible to overdose
  • TV - very difficult to impossible to overdose
  • microwave - you get cooked inside, this is called "deep tissue burns" and can be instantly fatal in some cases
  • infrared - thermal skin burns
  • light - very difficult to impossible to overdose, except directly to the eyes which produces temporary blindness
  • ultraviolet - sunburn, exposure to the eye will cause permanent blindness
  • x-ray - radiation sickness/poisoning
  • alpha (external exposure) - intact skin shields 100% of alpha particle radiation, impossible to overdose
  • alpha (internal exposure) - cancer
  • beta - beta burns, on skin resembles a very very bad sunburn (but may be in small dots around the points of contact with beta emitting fallout grains), internally it is usually fatal as it causes massive tissue death
  • gamma - radiation sickness/poisoning
  • neutron - radiation sickness/poisoning, also will make you radioactive (no other type of radiation will do this)
  • cosmic ray - on the surface of earth the atmosphere is such a good shield that it is impossible to overdose, but in space radiation sickness/poisoning are possible
  • heavy ion - tends to be shielded effectively by skin, but at high enough energies will cause radiation sickness/poisoning
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The symptoms of radiation sickness/poisoning are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hair loss, etc. but in extremely high overdose it kills the nervous system causing very sudden death. The insidious thing about radiation sickness/poisoning is that just as the patient begins to appear to improve, the immune system fails and massive infections set in, which kill many.

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