The difference in pitch between two note that are whole steps apart. This would be the difference between natural notes: A to B, C to D, D to E, F to G, and G to F.
The following steps are half steps: B to C and E to F. If you are unfamiliar with these musical terms, I'll try to explain it mathematically. The letter notes repeat each octave (A through G, then the next note above that is A one octave above the first A).
The 'tuning A' frequency is 440 Hz (cycles per second). Each half step up frequency can be found by multiplying the frequency by 21/12 (approximately 1.054631) Each whole step up can be found by multiplying the frequency by 21/6 (approximately 1.122462). Here are the list of frequencies from A 440 Hz up to the next octave A in half steps:
Freq(Hz) Note
------- ----
440.0 A
466.2 A#
493.9 B
523.3 C
554.4 C#
587.3 D
622.3 D#
659.3 E
698.5 F
740.0 F#
784.0 G
830.6 G#
880.0 A
Jumping from 1 line to the next is a half step. Jumping 2 lines is a whole step.
A quarter step or a quarter tone is an interval half that a semitone. Quarter tones were known to the Greeks and usually used in early plainsong.
a whole step.
F sharp.
A whole step consists of two half steps, the smallest note division excluding semitones, so one half step brings the pitch to an "A" and the second up to "B flat"
A leap is an interval larger than a major second or whole step.
The nearest distance ascending from C to D is just a single whole step, aka a major 2nd interval. The nearest distance ascending from D to C on the whole tone scale is just a whole step shy of an octave, which would be a minor 7th interval.
To learn music theory, there are step by step instructions in many music books. Alternatively a good music teacher should be able to explain music theory.
G
a whole step.
E
C is one step above B
F sharp.
whole step. you go from B flat to B natural. from B natural you go to A. each of those steps are half steps. 1/2 + 1/2 = 1 whole step.
whole step, whole step, half step, whole step, whole step, whole step, half step.
whole step, whole step, half step, whole step, whole step, whole step, half step
whole step, whole step, half step, whole step, whole step, whole step, half step.
A whole step consists of two half steps, the smallest note division excluding semitones, so one half step brings the pitch to an "A" and the second up to "B flat"
A leap is an interval larger than a major second or whole step.
Starting with the root of the scale, the pattern is whole-step, whole-step, half-step, whole-step, whole-step, whole-step, half-step.