C sharp
Normally, a G augmented chord would be G, B, and D-sharp. Augmented mean the top note is raised one half step.
G#
An augmented triad is made of two major thirds, and is the only triad not found in a diatonic scale. For example, the chord could be made of C natural, E natural, and G sharp.
The interval C - G-sharp would be an augmented 5th.
Those are both names for the same interval, where the top note is 6 half-steps (semi-tones) away from the bottom. It is also known as a tritone, and is halfway between an octave. If you start on C, the augmented fourth above is F-sharp, and the diminished fifth is G-flat. They sound the same (they are enharmonic).
An augmented fifth is an interval spanning eight semitones and five note names - for example, from C to G sharp.
Normally, a G augmented chord would be G, B, and D-sharp. Augmented mean the top note is raised one half step.
An E augmented triad consists of the notes E, G, and B. The structure of the triad is a root note (E), a major third above the root (G), and an augmented fifth above the root (B).
In music, an augmented unison is an interval consisting of one note, and the note a semitone above, having the same note name. For example, C to C sharp would constitute an augmented unison.
G#
The subdominant note in a key is the 4th. In G minor, it's C.
An augmented third is an interval of five semitones, spanning three note names. An example of an augmented third is C to E sharp, or C flat to E.
An augmented second is an interval comprising three semitones and two note names - for example, C to D sharp.
An augmented octave is an interval comprising thirteen semitones and eight note names - for example, C to C sharp.
An augmented ninth is an interval of 15 semitones, spanning nine note names, for example, C to D sharp.
A major 3rd would be C, so an augmented 3rd would be C sharp.
An augmented seventh chord in music theory is a four-note chord consisting of a root note, a major third, an augmented fifth, and a minor seventh. It has a tense and dissonant sound due to the augmented fifth. In functional harmony, the augmented seventh chord is often used as a dominant chord, creating tension that resolves to a tonic chord.