Prayers - Evening - Mariv for the begining of Shabbat, morning - Shacharit, additional, Musaff and Mincha - miday are said from the Siddur - prayer book.
Shacharit starts with preliminary prayers on rising the first being Modei Ani - giving thanks for restoring one's soul, washing the hands for sanctification and rolls through prayers of praise for G-d, the pre-amble to the Shema - the proclimation of G-d being one, the silent prayer - the Amidah - were eighteen individual prayers are said in silence to G-d, the verbal repetition, the reading of the weekly portion of the Torah and the concluding prayers. Additional prayers are said for healing of the sick, deliverance from danger, a new life and for mourners - Kadish.
The others are more limited repetitions of the same things.
Kabbalat Shabbat (receiving the Shabbat), Maariv (evening prayer), Shacharit (morning prayer), Mussaf, Mincha (afternoon prayer).
Yes and no. Shabbat Shalom is only said on Fridays and Saturdays.
Jesus Christ DID NOT abolish Shabbat! He said..."I came to fulfill the Law".
They're called Shabbat candles (Neirot Shabbat in Hebrew).
Shabbat Shabbatot
Shabbat shalom is a Jewish greeting which we say during the day of Shabbat. See also:More about the Jewish Shabbat
Technically, any congregant who is knowledgeable may lead the prayers. On Shabbat and festivals, there is often a cantor (Hazan) who leads the prayers.
'Shabbat shalom', which means 'A peaceful Sabbath', is said during Shabbat - sundown Friday to Saturday after twilight.
Selichot are special prayers said during the days before Rosh Hashana. Selichot are prayers about forgiveness. These prayers are said early morning before Shacharit; the daily morning prayers. Sefardim start saying Selichot a month before Rosh Hashana; the entire month of Elul. Ashkenazim begin saying Selichot on the Sunday before Rosh Hashana; unless Rosh Hashana is on Monday or Tuesday, in which case they start saying Selichot on the Sunday 10 days before Rosh Hashana. Selichot are said until Yom Kippour. Selichot are not said on Shabbat.
During the Shabbat evening meal, the tradition is to have a large meal with at least two types of meat (unless the people are vegetarians). The prayers said are the blessings over the candles, the challah, and wine. After the meal the Birkat Hamazon is chanted to give thanks. There is no sacrifice.
Neither. Kabbalat Shabbat is not part of Mincha orMaariv.
Judaism during the Shabbat and major festivals. On weekdays there are prayers but work is permitted.
A dvar Torah before Musaf on Shabbat is a way to enhance the spiritual experience of the service by providing insights and reflections on the weekly Torah portion or other Jewish teachings. It helps to connect the congregation to the themes of Shabbat and inspire them to deepen their understanding and connection to the prayers they are about to recite.
Preparation for Shabbat, the Jewish Sabbath, begins Friday afternoon with baking Challah and preparing a festive dinner. It is traditional to light the Shabbat candles 18 minutes before Sunset. The Shabbat evening prayers are traditionally said before dinner, but can be said after, and if there is a synagogue nearby, saying these prayers communally is traditional. Friday evening services end with kiddush, the blessing over bread and wine, and the Friday evening meal begins with kiddush. In the morning, the Shabbat liturgy is long, you typically spend all morning in the synagogue, and at the end of the service, it is quite common for synagogues to host a community kiddush lunch. You can, of course, go home for lunch. Saturday afternoon is a time for rest, social calls and leisure activity. There is a brief Saturday afternoon liturgy that can be right after lunch or before dinner. The dinner at the end of Shabbat typically runs into the early evening, ending with Havdalah, a brief service typically done at home to mark the end of Shabbat. Havdalah can be combined with the weekday evening service and should not be until 3 stars are visible in the sky (an hour after sunset if the sky is cloudy).
Communal
Yes and no. Shabbat Shalom is only said on Fridays and Saturdays.
They are paryers for various parts of life's attributes, weather about death, morning, night, Shabbat, Thanksgiving, of anything else. They are mostly done in Hebrew.
All of the usual prayers, plus the special prayers added on all holidays. But the prayers for rain are central to Sukkot.