Tenor clef does of course exist, and can be used by bassoon.
None, actually. With transposition, most woodwinds read in treble, while a few read bass. Sometimes bassoons use tenor clef.
Clarinet
At no point since the introduction of clefs in diatonic Western music has the tenor clef been discontinued. The tenor clef, which uses the fourth line of the stave (that is, fourth from bottom), to represent Middle C, is frequently used for upper-register woodwind instruments such as the bassoon, euphonium, and trombone. When used to represent pitches from the double bass, the notes produced from the instrument sound an octave lower than printed.
That depends on the instrument. For example, trumpet music is typically written in treble clef, while trombone and tuba music is in bass clef. And, of course, variations on instruments (bass trumpet) can differ from the convention.
Several instruments make use of both bass and tenor clefs. The most common ones I can think of presently are the cello and the bassoon. Much of the time, music is written in bass clef, but can change when the passage to be played moves up to a higher register where tenor clef would be appropriate.
None, actually. With transposition, most woodwinds read in treble, while a few read bass. Sometimes bassoons use tenor clef.
Clarinet
At no point since the introduction of clefs in diatonic Western music has the tenor clef been discontinued. The tenor clef, which uses the fourth line of the stave (that is, fourth from bottom), to represent Middle C, is frequently used for upper-register woodwind instruments such as the bassoon, euphonium, and trombone. When used to represent pitches from the double bass, the notes produced from the instrument sound an octave lower than printed.
That depends on the instrument. For example, trumpet music is typically written in treble clef, while trombone and tuba music is in bass clef. And, of course, variations on instruments (bass trumpet) can differ from the convention.
The tenor clef is used by violas.
The proper clef for the tenor saxophone is the treble clef.
Several instruments make use of both bass and tenor clefs. The most common ones I can think of presently are the cello and the bassoon. Much of the time, music is written in bass clef, but can change when the passage to be played moves up to a higher register where tenor clef would be appropriate.
Bass, but sometimes tenor when playing higher music. You'll sometimes come across treble clef in French and Belgian publications. It is used to avoid extra leger lines above the tenor clef.
They both play in treble clef. Alto plays in the key of E flat, and tenor plays in the key of B flat.
Double Bassists generally use bass clef. However, they do also use tenor clef and sometimes treble for notes of higher pitches.
Treble
To transpose music from the tenor clef to the treble clef, you need to move all notes up a major 9th (or down a minor 3rd). This means that if a note is on a line in the tenor clef, it will move to the space above it in the treble clef, and if a note is in a space in the tenor clef, it will move to the line above it in the treble clef.