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1). The station has better coverage over a wider area if it transmits its signal from high off the ground,

above the trees and buildings etc.

2). The station has better coverage over a wider area, and its signal has better immunity to noise,

if its transmitting antenna is vertical.

3). The length of a transmitting antenna has to be an appreciable portion of the station's wavelength.

The shortest practical antenna for broadcast service is not less than about 35% of the wavelength.

For AM radio, where the frequency is around 1 MHz, the wavelength is more than 900 feet for stations

in the center of the dial! So most often, the tower you see at an AM station is not the support for the

antenna, the tower is the antenna.

4). For FM broadcast, where the frequency is around 100 MHz, the wavelength is a more manageable

3 meters or so. The transmitting antenna is the set of hooks, cups, claws, or semicircles you see

mounted high on the tower, placed there to get the signal up over the trees and other obstructions.

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Q: Why do radio tower antennas have to be so long?
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