Why don't third parties usually succeed?

Answer 1

Third parties often struggle to succeed in political systems dominated by two major parties due to factors like electoral system design, particularly plurality voting, which tends to favor a two-party system. Additionally, they face challenges in gaining visibility and funding compared to established parties, which have entrenched support and resources. Voter perceptions also play a role, as many individuals may view third-party candidates as "spoilers," leading to a reluctance to vote for them in fear of unintentionally aiding a less desirable outcome.