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An active process if that is carried out on the expense of energy and the passive processes is that occurs spontaneously in nature. for example consider two solutions separated by a membrane, one side you have high concentration of glucose than other. While passive transport of glucose will take place across the concentration gradient, for active transport, that is transport against concentration gradient, require external source of energy. Passive processes are thermodynamically favourable. The active processes are thermodynamically unfavourable. Thus in biological system most of the active processes are coupled with deposphorylation of ATP. The energy releases by the breaking of phosphodiester bond is used to carry out the active processes.

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15y ago

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