This is known as a crater.
Neither. A meteor is not a planet. A meteor is a piece of rock or metal falling through the atmosphere.
There is no special name for them. Any planet can hit by them. Earth gets hit by them.
When magma erupts onto the planet's surface, it is called lava.
All planets in our solar system can potentially experience meteor showers. However, Earth is the planet where meteors are most commonly observed due to our atmosphere, which burns up many smaller meteors before they reach the surface.
Pluto is not falling apart. It is a dwarf planet located in the Kuiper Belt, and its surface is largely made up of rock and ice. While Pluto's atmosphere is slowly escaping into space, it is not breaking apart as a result.
Craters are where a chunk of space debris, such as a meteor or comet, has struck the surface of the planet and has caused material from the planets (or moons) surface to be ejected outwards.
Neither. A meteor is not a planet. A meteor is a piece of rock or metal falling through the atmosphere.
There is no special name for them. Any planet can hit by them. Earth gets hit by them.
A solid object hitting the ground with the force of a meteor would leave a crater, a depression in the ground with a raised edge at the surface, similar to Meteor Crater in Arizona.
The noun 'volcano' is a common noun, a general word for a rupture or opening on the surface of a planet or moon that expels hot material from below the surface crust; a word for any volcano anywhere.
No, Jupiter is a gas planet. It has no solid surface to support plate tectonics.
No. Saturn is a gas planet with no solid surface. It has no volcanoes or craters.
When magma erupts onto the planet's surface, it is called lava.
All planets in our solar system can potentially experience meteor showers. However, Earth is the planet where meteors are most commonly observed due to our atmosphere, which burns up many smaller meteors before they reach the surface.
Pluto is not falling apart. It is a dwarf planet located in the Kuiper Belt, and its surface is largely made up of rock and ice. While Pluto's atmosphere is slowly escaping into space, it is not breaking apart as a result.
An explosion. Sometimes, depending on the surface of the planet, it leaves a crater. (75% of Earth is covered with water, and considerable areas of Saturn's moon Titan appear to be covered with some sort of liquid.)
Mars has a variety of surface features, including vast deserts, rocky mountain ranges, ancient river valleys, and polar ice caps. The surface is largely composed of iron-rich basaltic rocks and fine-grained dust. The planet also has the tallest volcano and the deepest canyon in the solar system.