this technique is used for the determination of sodium potassium and lithium (in case of Lithium therapy) in biological specimens received in laboratories
Flame photometry can be used for the measurement of elements which can easily be excited like Ca, K, Na, Ba, Cu etc. However due to low temperature of flame the elements like Fe can not be excited and hence not measured using Flame photometry.
NOTHING 2. If the fluid contained some element, e.g. sodium or calcium, then the flame would show the colour appropriate to that element. Flame photometry relies on this principle.
The platinum wire is flame sterilized to eliminate any potential contamination before collecting bacterial samples. This is crucial to prevent introducing new microbes into the specimen, ensuring that the collected bacteria are representative of the original sample. Additionally, flame sterilization helps prevent cross-contamination between different samples being tested.
Caesium was first identified in 1860 by Robert Bunsen (of Bunsen burner fame), and Gustav Kirchhoff (of electrical circuits fame), in the course of studying flame photometry. [This same pair also discovered rubidium.]Caesium was named after the Latin word for blue, its flame colour. This metal melts below body temperature at 28.4oC. It also has some nasty radionuclides.
To improve the reliability of flame testing for identifying inorganic chemicals, use a standardized procedure with known samples for comparison, ensure a clean and consistent flame source, and conduct the tests in a controlled environment with minimal interference. Additionally, having a trained technician with experience in flame testing can help in accurately interpreting the results.
Flame photometry can be used for the measurement of elements which can easily be excited like Ca, K, Na, Ba, Cu etc. However due to low temperature of flame the elements like Fe can not be excited and hence not measured using Flame photometry.
Berry, Chappell & Barnes (1946) showed that, in estimating sodium and potassium by flame photometry, there were definite improvements in precision and accuracy when lithium was added to the samples as an internal standard (compare Spencer, 1950; Bernstein, 1952). The lithium internal standard signal reduces fluctuation in flame conditions, drift, and dilution errors—ensures reproducible results and precise measurements. The fully automatic ignition and flame optimization sequences reduce set up and calibration time. An automatic gas shutoff mechanism activates if the flame is accidentally extinguished. The monitoring and control software make operation simple and allow measurements only after blanking and calibration.
flame photometry involves the determination of concentration of alkali and alkaline earth metals present in a sample based on the radiation emitted by it when the sample is atomized to a flame
Two common methods are atomic absorption spectrophotometry and flame photometry.
Roland. Herrmann has written: 'Flammenphotometrie' -- subject(s): Flame photometry
· Analysis of industrial water, natural water for determining elements responsible for hard water (magnesium, barium, calcium etc.) is standard procedure in many laboratories. · In glass industry, flame photometry is used in determining of sodium, potassium, boron, lithium etc. · In cement industry, this method is used in estimation of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, as well as lithium. · Analysis of ash by flame photometer is routinely carried out in various industries for estimating alkali and alkaline earth metals as their oxides. · Flame photometry is extensively used in estimation of alkali-alkaline earth metals as well as other metals present in metallurgical products, catalysts, alloys etc. · Flame photometry has also been used in determination of certain metals like lead, manganese, in petroleum products like gasoline, lubricating oils and organic solvents.
Examples: emission spectrometry, flame photometry, atomic absorption, etc.
To prepare a sample of bread crumbs for flame photometry, first, dry the bread crumbs in an oven to remove moisture. Next, grind the dried crumbs into a fine powder to ensure uniformity. Then, digest a measured amount of the powdered sample in a suitable acid, such as hydrochloric acid, to extract the desired elements. Finally, dilute the digested solution to an appropriate concentration for analysis in the flame photometer.
The sulfate ion is precipitated with barium chloride.The presence of sodium can be tested by flame photometry.
For a calibration curve method it is required that the composition (matrix) of standard and sample is nearly identical.when it is impossible to match the composition of the sample with the standard.we use standard addition method.
Flame photometry is used in water analysis for determining the concentration of alkali metals. A liquid sample to be analysed is sprayed into a flame where the water evaporates, leaving the inorganic salts behind as a minute particles. The salts decompose into constituent atoms and become vaporised. The vapours containing the metal atoms are excited by the thermal energy of the flame and this causes the electrons to be raised to a higher energy level and they give off discrete amounts of radiant energy. The emitted radiation is passed through a prism which separates the various wavelengths so that the desired region can be isolated. And then a photocell and an amplifier is used to measure the intensity of the isolated radiation. The emission spectrum for each metal is different and its intensity depends on the concentration of atoms in the flame.
Sea water is diluted before flame photometry to reduce the salt content, which can interfere with the measurement of specific elements. The high salt concentration in sea water can lead to high background noise and inaccurate readings, so dilution is necessary to obtain accurate results for trace metal analysis.