Do you mean antibiotics, which only work on bacteria, or do you mean antiviral drugs, which only work on viruses.
Not really, as bacteria are becoming very resistant to all antibiotics and some are becoming untreatable. Viruses mutate so rapidly that drugs become useless in time and more need be discovered.
No, a bacterial infection cannot cause a failed drug test. Drug tests are designed to detect specific drugs or their metabolites in the body, not bacterial infections. However, certain medications used to treat bacterial infections might lead to false positives on drug tests.
Most drugs which target bacteria work by targeting specific enzymes which they inhibit and thus prevent vital protein formation by the bacteria. Viruses do no have these enzymes so they are unaffected. Source - BSc(Hons)
Antibiotics kill the bacteria but not the people by affecting parts of the bacterial system that humans do not share. Viruses use the person's own systems to do most functions and so not have the same or as many targets for the drugs. There are some antiviral drugs but now as many as antibiotics.
The ability of certain molds to produce antibiotics, such as penicillin, led to the development of life-saving drugs. Penicillin was the first antibiotic discovered from mold and revolutionized medicine by effectively treating bacterial infections. This discovery has helped save countless lives by combating various bacterial diseases and infections.
Antibiotics
Penicillin, amoxicillin, carbenecillins, monobactums are the drugs for the bacterial infections. you have the tetracyclins, chloramphenicol to treat the same. You have the macrolides, aminoglycosides are there. You have the sulfonamides, trimethoprim, fluroquinolines to treat the bacterial infections.
antibiotics
no unless you want to die (hopefully you don't)
That is a difficult one. It depends on the virus and the bacteria. Most viruses cause self-limiting diseases, that are treated with supportive measurements. Other viruses, such as Influenza, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes, and HIV, can be treated with specific drugs. There are different drugs that treat different types of bacteria, with more or less success. But remember that viruses and bacteria are live organisms, and they can and do develop resistance to the drugs that kill them. Even more, bacteria can even pass on the learned resistance to other bacteria.
Most of the drugs that treat bacterial disease are called antibiotics.
Just like antibiotics get rid of bacterial infections, antiviral drugs fight against dangerous viruses. A recent example of antiviral drugs is Tamiflu which is used to battle the Swine Flu. For more information, see the below related link.
Most bacterial infections are treatable because most bacteria are susceptible to antibiotics. i.e. Antibiotics kill the bacteria without killing the patient. The other common form of infections, viruses are much harder to "kill" without harming the patient. Antiviral drugs are making progress but they still have a long way to go before they are as effective as antibiotics.
Antivirals are used to treat infections caused by viruses.
Antibiotics are only for suscpetible bacteria. Antiviral meds, are for susceptible viruses. Viruses and bacteria are two different things. "Antibiotic" literally means "against life". Although they replicate inside living cells, viruses are not living things, and thus not affected by antibiotic drugs. If you have a bad cold or flu, and your doctor prescribes antibiotics, change doctors; you're wasting your money. Although one often hears phrases like "killed virus" vaccine, it means the virus' ability to replicate inside a living cell has been inactivated ("killed") before being injected. But the body still reacts to it as though it were "live", and produces antibodies.
Physicians may prescribe these drugs to treat pneumonia, strep throat, staph infections, tonsillitis, bronchitis, and gonorrhea. These drugs will not work for colds, flu, and other infections caused by viruses.
Sulfa drugs are usually used to treat bacterial infections, not viral infections like a cold. So no sulfa drugs are needed for sulfa-sensitive patients with viral infections like the common cold or flu. There is no equivalent to antibiotics that are used to kill bacteria that are for treating viruses. Bacteria can be killed and antibiotics, like sulfa drugs, are what can do that. Viruses are not living organisms, so they can't be killed. They can be made inactive, but that is possible only when your immune system attacks and gets rid of them, there are no drugs to do that. See the related question below for more information about treating a cold.
These drugs will not work for colds, flu, and other infections caused by viruses.