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Hand cutting instruments are manufactured from two main materials: carbon steel and stainless sateel. In addition, some instruments are made with carbide inserts to provide more durable cutting edges. Carbon steel is harder than stainless steel, but when unprotected, it corrodes. Stainless steel remains bright under most conditions, but loses a keen edge during use much more quickly than does carbon steel. Carbide, although hard and wear resistant, is brittle and cannot be used in all designs. Other alloys of nickel, cobal, or chromium are used in the manufacture of hand instruments, but they usually are restricted to instruments other than those used for the cutting of tooth structures.

Source : Sturdevant's Art ans Science of Operative Dentistry .

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