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The ears are both superior (above) and medial (closer to the mid-line) to the shoulders.

Left

To the left of the body (not your left, the subject's). The stomach is to the left of the liver.

Right

To the right of the body or structure being studied. The right kidney is damaged.

Lateral

Toward the side; away from the midsagittal plane. The eyes are lateral to the nose.

Medial

Toward the midsagittal plane; away from the side. The eyes are medial to the ears.

Anterior

Toward the front of the body. The nose is on the anterior of the head.

Posterior

Toward the back (rear). The heel is posterior to the head.

Superior

Toward the top of the body. The shoulders are superior to the hips.

Inferior

Toward the bottom of the body. The stomach is inferior to the heart.

Dorsal

Along (or toward) the vertebral surface of the body. Her scar is along the dorsal surface.

Ventral

Along (toward) the belly surface of the body. The navel is on the ventral surface.

Caudad (caudal)

Toward the tail. The neck is caudad to the skull.

Cephalad

Toward the head. The neck is cephalad to the tail.

Proximal

Toward the point of attachment (describes relative position in a limb or other appendage). The ankle joint is proximal to the toenail.

Distal

Away from the point of attachment. The big toe is distal to the ankle.

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12y ago

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