Map makers are called cartographers. There are 3 generally accepted types of map projections. These are cylindrical projections, conic projects and planar projections.
The most common map projections are based on three main geometric shapes: 1) Sphere to a Plane 2) Cylindrical Projections, 3) Conic Projections.
Mercator Projection : longitude and latitude as straight, parallel lines Conic Projection : a circular map made from a flattened cone, centered on a pole or other point Gall-Peters Projection : relocates standard parallels, narrows longitudinal spacing Robinson Projection : approximates a true spherical view of the Earth, except the poles Winkel Tripel Projection : an azimuth approximation of the world view, similar to Robinson The most widely used is the Mercator projection, the major disadvantage being its area expansions (areas closer to the poles appear larger and lack their true shapes). The Gall-Peters Projection provides a closer approximation of the relative areas. All flat representations of a spherical surface will create variances in "true" size or shape. (see image links)
Ptolemy's world map, The travels of Marco Polo, Prime meridian established, Mercator projection. Ptolemy's world map, from around 150 AD, is the oldest, followed by Marco Polo's travels in the 13th century. The Prime meridian was established in 1884, and the Mercator projection was developed in the 16th century.
Politics, Policy, and Process. The 3 P's
Not specifically on a map, but relating to land navigation, there are 3 types of North. Magnetic North - where the needle on a compass points. Grid North - the upward direction along the vertical gridlines on a map. True north- the northern direction by sight in a general area.
The three main types of map projections are cylindrical, conic, and azimuthal. Cylindrical projections show the Earth's surface on a cylinder, conic projections project the Earth's surface onto a cone, and azimuthal projections project the Earth's surface onto a plane. Each type has variations that can result in different map distortions.
The most common map projections are based on three main geometric shapes: 1) Sphere to a Plane 2) Cylindrical Projections, 3) Conic Projections.
Mercator Projection : longitude and latitude as straight, parallel lines Conic Projection : a circular map made from a flattened cone, centered on a pole or other point Gall-Peters Projection : relocates standard parallels, narrows longitudinal spacing Robinson Projection : approximates a true spherical view of the Earth, except the poles Winkel Tripel Projection : an azimuth approximation of the world view, similar to Robinson The most widely used is the Mercator projection, the major disadvantage being its area expansions (areas closer to the poles appear larger and lack their true shapes). The Gall-Peters Projection provides a closer approximation of the relative areas. All flat representations of a spherical surface will create variances in "true" size or shape. (see image links)
A 2-d projection of a 3-d shape.
One way to minimize distortion when drawing the Earth's surface is to use a map projection called the Robinson projection. This projection aims to balance distortions in size and shape across the map, providing a more accurate representation of the Earth's surface compared to other projections.
The history of cartography in the order which occurred are: 1: Ibn idrsi's world map 2: The travel of Marco Polo 3: The Mercator projection 4: The Robinson projection
You go to the main menu go to custom games and pick a map
The events from the historical of cartography are: 1. Columbus reaches the Western Hemisphere 2. Ptolemy's world map 3. Piri Reis map 4. Mercator projection
3.
3
1. What is the goal of the map? 2. Who will read the map? 3.Where will the map be used? 4. What data and resources are available and needed?
In geography, a key, also known as a legend, is a section of a map that explains the symbols, colors, and other annotations used on the map. The key helps users understand the meaning of different map elements and allows them to interpret the map accurately.