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Yes, viroids are solely composed of RNA. They are small, circular RNA molecules that do not encode proteins and are known to cause diseases in plants. Unlike viruses, viroids lack a protein coat and rely on host cellular mechanisms for replication. Their simplicity distinguishes them from more complex infectious agents.
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What is an RNA particle that causes disease?
A plant pathologist discovered an infectious RNA particle smaller than a virus that causes diseases in plants. He called it a viroid. Millions each year are lost by these viroids. These contain only RNA.
A disease causing particle made of RNA without a capsid is called?
A Prion. It transmits a mis-folded protein state, and replicates by causing the host's proteins to replicate into its mis-folded pattern. Mad Cow disease is an example of a prion.
What is an infectious agent that consists of a small strand of RNA and that causes disease in plants?
A viroid is an infectious agent that consists of a small strand of RNA and that causes disease in plants.
If virus is the smallest creature than what is VIROID?
Viroids are infectious, circular RNA molecules that are even smaller than viruses. They lack a protein coat and rely on host cell machinery for replication. Viroids can cause disease in plants, interfering with their normal growth and development.
What is the name of the viriod responsible for cucumo virus?
The viroid responsible for cucumber pale fruit viroid (CPFV) infection in cucumbers is called the cucumber pale fruit viroid (CPFV). This viroid can cause symptoms such as yellowing, stunting, and distortion of leaves in infected plants.
Where is RNA made?
RNA is made in the cell nucleus, where it is transcribed from DNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase. After transcription, the RNA molecules can be processed and moved out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm for translation into proteins.
The RNA molecule is made up of how many strands?
RNA is typically single-stranded, meaning it consists of only one strand of nucleotides. This single strand of RNA is synthesized in the cell by copying the genetic information from DNA during transcription.
What are ribosomes made out of?
RNA and Proteins
What are ribosomes made up of?
Ribosomes are made up of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. They consist of two subunits that come together to build proteins based on the instructions provided by messenger RNA (mRNA).
In which direction does RNA polymerase read a DNA strand?
The correct answer is: RNA is synthesized by RNA polymerase that reads one strand of DNA. RNA polymerase reads DNA 3' to 5'. When RNA is made, it is made 5' to 3'. Most polymerases have the 3' to 5' "reading" activity. The created RNA strand is identical to the coding strand of DNA, which is also in the orientation of 5' to 3'.
What is the nitrogenouse base only found in RNA?
Uracil.
What substance is found in RNA but not in DNA?
There are 2 main substances that separate RNA from DNA: ribose sugar, and uracil.All DNA/RNA molecules have a backbone made up of a repeating sequence of sugars and phosphorus. In DNA this sugar is deoxyribose, while in RNA the sugar is ribose. Ribose sugar is different from deoxyribose in that it has an extra oxygen on its second carbon (this is thought to possibly be one of the reasons RNA is less stable than DNA).The second substance that separates the two is uracil. Attached to the phosphosugar backbone of DNA/RNA are 4 bases. In DNA these are cytosine, guanine, adenine, and thymine (C, G, A and T). However, in RNA the 4 bases are slightly different; they are cytosine, guanine, adenine, and uracil. Uracil is a base that only existsin RNA, while thymine is one that only exists in DNA.
The RNA molecule is usually made up of how many strands?
The RNA molecule is usually made up of a single strand. This is unlike the DNA molecule which has double strands.
What are the types of nucleic acids?
RNA and DNA
When does an amino acid chain become a protein?
The DNA molecule in the nucleus makes a copy of itself using RNA, this is Messenger RNA. The Messenger RNA travel to a Ribosome. There is Transfer RNA floating about the cytoplasm. This is short (only three base pairs long) pieces of RNA that have their own unique amino acid attached to them. The Transfer RNA links up with the Messenger RNA according to their mutually compatible base pairs. The amino acids that the Transfer RNA is carrying link up with each other and detach from the Transfer RNA this is the beginning of a protein chain.
How does Transcription take place?
who? the transcription enzyme RNA polymerase, the promoter DNA and the terminator DNAwhere? in the cell nucleusInitiation The promoter, located in the DNA at the beginning of the gene becomes the binding site for the RNA polymerase. Elongation the RNA polymerase copies and peels away the copied DNA, after copied, the DNA joins back with its matching DNA strand while the newly made RNA leave the polymerase Termination the RNA polymerase reaches a special sequence of bases in the DNA template that signals the end of the gene. The polymerase enzyme detaches from the RNA molecule and the gene who? the transcription enzyme RNA polymerase, the promoter DNA and the terminator DNAwhere? in the cell nucleusInitiation The promoter, located in the DNA at the beginning of the gene becomes the binding site for the RNA polymerase. Elongation the RNA polymerase copies and peels away the copied DNA, after copied, the DNA joins back with its matching DNA strand while the newly made RNA leave the polymerase Termination the RNA polymerase reaches a special sequence of bases in the DNA template that signals the end of the gene. The polymerase enzyme detaches from the RNA molecule and the gene
Why must RNA be made during protein synthesis?
RNA is required during protein synthesis because it serves as the intermediary between DNA, where genetic information is stored, and proteins, which perform cellular functions. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic code from DNA to ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized. Transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) also play essential roles in facilitating protein synthesis.
