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The in-depth look at electrical circuits and electron behavior demonstrated that in a direct current(DC) circuit, the electrons travel from the lesser potential pole (-) to the higher potential pole (+). The flow of current occurs naturally between two surfaces to balance the electrical potential to a difference of 0 Volts. That is why one gets electrical static discharge, one's body is at a different potential than the object that it is being placed in contact with and nature happily tries to balance the difference in potential rapidly, resulting in electrical static shock.

In a man made alternating current(AC) such as a house outlet, the electrons are forcefully going from one direction to the other at a typical rate of 60 times per seconds. The poles of an AC circuit are referred to as the Hot side and the Neutral side. The Hot side in residential wiring is commonly black and/or red, one can remember that the Hot side is hazardous like this "Black is BAD, Red BURNS". The neutral side will typically be white. Although the electrons flow to and from the neutral side as well as the hot side, only the hot side causes electrical discharges (assuming that the wires are correctly connected, white is safe). If both wires are of the same color such as a small appliance, exercise caution and assume that both wires are Hot.

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15y ago

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