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How do cells involved in the humoral response respond to antigen presentation on the surface of a B cell?
Helper T cells recognize the receptor-antigen complex and cause plasma and memory cells to be produced to then produce antibodies.
When IL-2 is secreted by antigen-specific T cells activated due to presentation of antigen by APCs What happens to naive antigen-nonspecific T cells in the vicinity?
Naive antigen-nonspecific T cells do not become activated since they lack the T cell receptor specificity for the particular antigen being presented. They do not respond to IL-2 secreted by the activated antigen-specific T cells and remain in a resting state until they encounter an antigen to which they are specific.
Is T cell activation antigen specific?
Yes. The first signal that a T cell receives from an antigen presenting cell (dendritic cell) is MHC presenting an antigen (foreign peptide). This gives the T cell specificity to this antigen.
What is the difference between an antigen and pathogen?
An antigen is a substance that can trigger an immune response in the body, such as proteins on the surface of bacteria or viruses. A pathogen, on the other hand, is a type of antigen that can cause disease in the host organism by invading and damaging tissues. Not all antigens are pathogens, but all pathogens are antigens.
What is the receptor of HLA1 and HLA2?
HLA1 and HLA2 are not receptors themselves; they are human leukocyte antigen (HLA) proteins that present antigens to T cells. T cells have specific receptors, such as the T cell receptor (TCR), which recognize antigens presented by HLA proteins.
In order for a lymphocyte to respond to an antigen the antigen must?
the antigen must bind to the receptor
Is CD4 an adhesion molecule?
The glycoprotein CD4 is a co-receptor. A co-receptor is "a cell surface receptor, which, when bound to its respective ligand, modulates antigen receptor binding or affects cellular activation after antigen-receptor interactions." (MediLexicon)
Macfarlane burnet theory about antigen antibody reaction?
The Burnet theory about antigen antibody reaction is a basic concept about how we make antibodies specific to a foreign substance which has the ability to induce an immune response (antigen). Each B cell displas one unique type of B cell receptor on their surface (which is basically a membrane bound antibody). Therefore many B cells, each expressing its own type of B cell receptor are needed to cover the inexhaustable number of antigens that are possible, in the hope that one type of B cell receptor will be able to recognise the shape of that antigen. If one B cell does recognise the antigen in question, then this B cell will become activated to make many clones of itself, which will obviously carry identical B cell recptors which fit the antigen. |Therefore the clonal selection theory by Burnet is about antibody antigen interactions which result in the 'best-fit' B cell receptor inducing a reaction to tell the B cell carrying the receptor to multiply and produce lots of identical antibodies which can then be secreted to bind to the antigen they are specific for.
How do cells involved in the humoral response respond to antigen presentation on the surface of a B cell?
Helper T cells recognize the receptor-antigen complex and cause plasma and memory cells to be produced to then produce antibodies.
When IL-2 is secreted by antigen-specific T cells activated due to presentation of antigen by APCs What happens to naive antigen-nonspecific T cells in the vicinity?
Naive antigen-nonspecific T cells do not become activated since they lack the T cell receptor specificity for the particular antigen being presented. They do not respond to IL-2 secreted by the activated antigen-specific T cells and remain in a resting state until they encounter an antigen to which they are specific.
Is T cell activation antigen specific?
Yes. The first signal that a T cell receives from an antigen presenting cell (dendritic cell) is MHC presenting an antigen (foreign peptide). This gives the T cell specificity to this antigen.
What has the author Pamela Sumiko Ohashi written?
Pamela Sumiko Ohashi has written: 'Molecular analysis and expression of T cell antigen receptor genes'
What is antigen binding?
Antigen binding is a region on an antibody that binds to antigens. Antigen binding is composed of one constant and one variable domain of each of the heavy and the light chain, and these domains shape the antigen binding site at the amino terminal end of the monomer.
What is the difference between an antigen and pathogen?
An antigen is a substance that can trigger an immune response in the body, such as proteins on the surface of bacteria or viruses. A pathogen, on the other hand, is a type of antigen that can cause disease in the host organism by invading and damaging tissues. Not all antigens are pathogens, but all pathogens are antigens.
What is false of the following statements about the clonal-selection theory of immune system function?
The clonal-selection theory posits that each lymphocyte expresses a specific receptor for a particular antigen, and upon encountering its specific antigen, it proliferates and differentiates into effector cells. A false statement about this theory might be that all lymphocytes can recognize and respond to any antigen, as the theory emphasizes that only those with the matching receptor are activated. Furthermore, it does not suggest that immune memory is formed solely from the initial response, as memory cells are also generated during the clonal selection process for future encounters with the same antigen.
What is the receptor of HLA1 and HLA2?
HLA1 and HLA2 are not receptors themselves; they are human leukocyte antigen (HLA) proteins that present antigens to T cells. T cells have specific receptors, such as the T cell receptor (TCR), which recognize antigens presented by HLA proteins.
What has the author Judith Ann Henwood written?
Judith Ann Henwood has written: 'T-cell receptor expression in antigen-specific human T-cell clones'
