Can bodies orbit stars much like electrons orbit an atom and do you know of planetary systems in The Universe that do this?

Answer 1

An electron's "orbit" is very strange. An electron does not orbit an atom in the same way a planet can orbit a star. An electron's position cannot be absolutely measured. Rather, the best you can do is describe the probability that an electron will be in a certain place. This is an inescapable effect of quantum mechanics, the science of the very small. Very large objects, like people, stars and planets, are not subject to this uncertainty.

So if a planet were to orbit a star in the same way that an electron orbits a nucleus, then every time you looked at it it's position would radically change. But planets and stars do not behave this way: their position at any time is easily calculable and predictable.

Answer 2

Yes, bodies such as planets orbit stars in a manner analogous to electrons orbiting an atom, but on a much larger scale. This is known as the solar system model. One example of a planetary system like this is our own solar system, where planets orbit around the Sun.