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an element is distinct from others by the number of protons, change the number of protons you have a different element1. The number of elections can be altered creating ions2 and the number of neutrons can be different which are isotopes. so the atomic weight can change between ions and isotopes of the same element.

1. breaking down of the nucleus called radiation.

2. cations + charge: number of protons greater then elections

anions - charge: number of elections greater then protons

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