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Nucleotides.

Both DNA and RNA are nucleic acids, and are polymers of nucleotides. A nucleotide has three components: a pentose (five-carbon sugar), and attached to different parts of it a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base (either a purine or a pyrimidine).

The monomers (units) of RNA are ribonucleotides, meaning that the pentose is ribose. The monomers of DNA are deoxyribonucleotides, because their sugar is deoxyribose.

The nucleotides in a nucleic acid are not all identical. There are four kinds in each nucleic acid, differing only in their bases. The bases in the nucleotides of RNA are cytosine, uracil, adenine, and guanine. Those in DNA are nearly the same, but in place of uracil is thymine.

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