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When the body is dehydrated, osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect changes in blood osmolality and trigger the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the pituitary gland. ADH acts on the kidneys to increase water reabsorption, reducing urine output and helping to restore blood fluid volume. Additionally, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated, leading to vasoconstriction and increased water retention to maintain blood pressure and fluid volume.

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