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The conversion of dUTP to dUMP and PPi occurs by dUTPase activity. This conversion helps the cells to maintain a low dUTP:dTTP ratio as well as providing a substrate (dUMP) for thymidylate synthase. If the ratio is higher, the probability of misincorporation of uracil into DNA increases. Uracil-containing DNA serves as a substrate for UNG. In non-dividing cells, dUTPase levels are lower and would result in an elevated dUTP:dTTP ratio.

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