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All atoms consist of sub-atomic particles. An oxygen atom by itself consists of 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons. Protons, neutrons and electrons are all sub-atomic particles. Protons and neutrons are hadrons, and electrons are leptons. Leptons are elementary particles themselves, but the group known as hadrons (which includes protons and neutrons) are not elementary and are made up of smaller still sub-atomic particles called quarks. In the case of protons and neutrons, they are made of up and down quarks. A proton is made of 2 up and 1 down quark, and a neutron is made of 2 down and 1 up quark.

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Do carbon and oxygen have the same atomic mass?

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