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Atropine does not only block nicotinic receptors but also acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors
Wiki User
∙ 9y ago
Wiki User
∙ 9y agoAtropine blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
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B adrenergic receptors are the only receptors found on the heart true or false?
False. While beta-adrenergic receptors are commonly found in the heart, there are also other types of receptors present, such as alpha-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, that play a role in regulating heart function.
Can heat and cold receptors judge actual temperature?
There are only heat receptors. "Cold" is a low level of heat.
Do you keep image receptors that are not in use inside the control booth?
The image receptors that are not in use are stored elsewhere. The only image receptor that should remain inside the control booth when not in use is the image receptor that will eventually be used.
What molecules determine the tissue specificity of hormones?
The tissue specificity of hormones is determined by the presence of specific hormone receptors on the surface of target cells. These receptors are proteins that can only bind to specific hormones, allowing for a precise response in a particular tissue. The binding of a hormone to its receptor triggers a specific signaling pathway that leads to the cellular response.
Why do only target cells respond to the hormone while the others are unaffected?
Target cells have specific receptors that recognize and bind to the hormone, triggering a response. Non-target cells either lack the necessary receptors or have receptors that do not bind the hormone, so they do not respond to it. This specificity allows hormones to selectively regulate the functions of specific tissues or organs in the body.
Why does atropine effect histamine receptors?
It doesn't atropine only acts on muscarinic receptors (it's a competitive antagonist here for ACh), but histamine acts on different receptors (histamine receptors). There is no direct interaction between atropine and histamine receptors
Does epinephrine affect the muscarinic receptors?
No. Muscarinic receptors are affected by acetylcholinergic neurotransmitters (ie. muscarine, atropine). Only the parasympathetic nervous system have muscarinic receptors. Epinephrine affects adrenergic receptors (symapthetic nervous system).
When can be use atopine injuction?
Atropine increases firing of the sinoatrial node (SA) and conduction through the atrioventricular node (AV) of the heart, opposes the actions of the vagus nerve, blocks acetylcholine receptor sites, and decreases bronchial secretions.In general, atropine lowers the parasympathetic activity of all muscles and glands regulated by the parasympathetic nervous system. This occurs because atropine is a competitive antagonist of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (Acetylcholine is the main neurotransmitter used by the parasympathetic nervous system). Therefore, it may cause swallowing difficulties and reduced secretions.Ophthalmic useTopical atropine is used as a cycloplegic, to temporarily paralyze the accommodation reflex, and as a mydriatic, to dilate the pupils. Atropine degrades slowly, typically wearing off in 7 to 14 days, so it is generally used as a therapeutic mydriatic, whereas tropicamide (a shorter-acting cholinergic antagonist) or phenylephrine (an α-adrenergic agonist) is preferred as an aid to ophthalmic examination. Atropine induces mydriasis by blocking contraction of the circular pupillary sphincter muscle, which is normally stimulated by acetylcholine release, thereby allowing the radial pupillary dilator muscle to contract and dilate the pupil. Atropine induces cycloplegia by paralyzing the ciliary muscles, whose action inhibits accommodation to allow accurate refraction in children, helps to relieve pain associated with iridocyclitis, and treats ciliary block (malignant) glaucoma. Atropine is contraindicated in patients pre-disposed to narrow angle glaucoma.Atropine can be given to patients who have direct globe trauma.ResuscitationInjections of atropine are used in the treatment of bradycardia (an extremely low heart rate), asystole and pulseless electrical activity (PEA) in cardiac arrest. This works because the main action of the vagus nerve of the parasympathetic system on the heart is to decrease heart rate. Atropine blocks this action and, therefore, may speed up the heart rate. The usual dosage of atropine in bradyasystolic arrest is 0.5 to 1 mg IV push every three to five minutes, up to a maximum dose of 0.04 mg/kg. For symptomatic bradycardia, the usual dosage is 0.5 to 1.0 mg IV push, may repeat every 3 to 5 minutes up to a maximum dose of 3.0 mg[2].Atropine is also useful in treating second-degree heart block Mobitz Type 1 (Wenckebach block), and also third-degree heart block with a high Purkinje or AV-nodal escape rhythm. It is usually not effective in second-degree heart block Mobitz type 2, and in third-degree heart block with a low Purkinje or ventricular escape rhythm. Atropine is contraindicated in ischemia-induced conduction block, because the drug increases oxygen demand of the AV nodal tissue, thereby aggravating ischemia and the resulting heart block.One of the main actions of the parasympathetic nervous system is to stimulate the M2 muscarinic receptor in the heart, but atropine inhibits this action.Secretions and bronchoconstrictionAtropine's actions on the parasympathetic nervous system inhibits salivary, sweat, and mucus glands. This can be useful in treating hyperhidrosis, and can prevent the death rattle of dying patients. Even though atropine has not been officially indicated for either of these purposes by the FDA, it has been used by physicians for these purposes.[3]Treatment for organophosphate poisoningAtropine is not an actual antidote for organophosphate poisoning. However, by blocking the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors, atropine also serves as a treatment for poisoning by organophosphate insecticides and nerve gases, such as Tabun (GA), Sarin (GB), Soman (GD) and VX. Troops that are likely to be attacked with chemical weapons often carry autoinjectors with atropine and obidoxime, which can be quickly injected into the thigh. Atropine is often used in conjunction with Pralidoxime chloride.Atropine is given as a treatment for SLUDGE (Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Diaphoresis, Gastrointestinal motility, Emesis) symptoms caused by organophosphate poisoning. Another mnemonic is DUMBBELSS, which stands for Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bradycardia, Bronchoconstriction, Excitation (as of muscle in the form of fasciculations and CNS), Lacrimation, Salivation, and Sweating (only sympathetic innervation using Musc receptors).
Why do pain medication affects wear off?
Because the body starts to break down the medication as soon as it's swallowed. The active ingredients temporarily block the pain receptors - so the pain decreases. However - this is only temporary. If painkillers were to permanently block the receptors - the body would have no way of responding to a new source of pain !
Why do cold medicines contain an alpha-adrenergic agonist and atropine?
Cold medicines contain alpha-adrenergic agonist to help with congestion and atropine as an anticholinergic to deter abuse. Anticholinergics give you dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation when levels are above normal as in abuse. An example would be lomotil, which has diphenoxylate and atropine. Atropine is only used as a method to keep people from abusing the drug.
Can you use atropine eye drops under tongue?
No, atropine eye drops should not be taken by mouth. They are specifically formulated for use in the eyes to dilate the pupils and should not be ingested. If atropine is needed for a different medical condition, it should be taken as directed by a healthcare provider.
Is nicotinic acid a weak or strong acid?
Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin, is a weak acid because it only partially dissociates in water to release hydrogen ions. It has a pKa value of around 4.8, indicating that it is a weak acid.
B adrenergic receptors are the only receptors found on the heart true or false?
False. While beta-adrenergic receptors are commonly found in the heart, there are also other types of receptors present, such as alpha-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, that play a role in regulating heart function.
Can heat and cold receptors judge actual temperature?
There are only heat receptors. "Cold" is a low level of heat.
Is Chantix varenicline an anti depressant?
AnswerVarenicline (Chantix) is not an anti-depressant, but it does have some indirect actions on dopamine, which is a neurotransmitter that some anti-depressant medications work on. Here is how varenicline works in smoking cessation: nicotine activates the dopamine reward pathway (by acting on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in your body) which leads to the pleasurable sensations and dependence associated with smoking. However, this pathway is only transiently activated by nicotine, and as nicotine levels begin to wane, users begin to experience withdrawal symptoms. Varenicline's partial agonist actions at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is believed to reduce withdrawal symptoms and craving in addition to preventing the reward effects of nicotine.
Does methadone block the effect of Valium?
No. Vicodin does not connect to the same receptor in your brain that methadone does. Actually, the answer above is totally incorrect. Methadone and Hydrocodone(vicodin) both effect the same area of the brain (opiod receptors) and both stimulate your Endorphines which activate the receptors. Because Methadone has blocking properties, it will clog the opiate receptors in your brain making it almost impossible for other opiates to achieve their desired effect. It is very odd that the answer above says that Vicodin and Methadone connect to different parts of the brain when they are both opiates (broken down chemically they are the same thing).
What is the difference between plummer block to pillow block?
Both are same only, pillow block to to separate the parts in top to bottom, in plummber block can change only housing and bearing only.
