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Prokaryotes (like bacteria) tend to rely on simple diffusion for the most part. Simple diffusion is the movement of nutrients from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration in order to reach equilibrium.

Eukaryotes (our cells are eukaryotes) can and do rely on simple diffusion, but are capable of performing active transport, in which specific membrane proteins essentially "pump" nutrients into or out of the cell as needed.

Simple diffusion usually takes a long time. If your body relied on simple diffusion, it would take years for an oxygen molecule in your lungs to get to your fingertips! We have cells that can take up, and distribute nutrients where they are needed, and when they are needed, in a reasonable amount of time.

Bacteria and other small prokaryotes can rely on simple diffusion, because they have very small volumes, so molecules will diffuse slowly across their membranes, but the molecules do not have to go very far because of how small the bacteria are.

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