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Most liquids will contract when freezing as the molecules gather together to form a more closely packed lattice.

Water however expands on freezing. Burst pipes in winter are caused by the expansion which occurs when water freezes. Then when it thaws all the water spurts out. Water molecules have a very strong attractive force towards each other, which gives water its high surface tension and capillary forces. When it freezes, and forms a solid lattice, these forces dissipate and the ice takes up a larger area than the liquid it was formed from.

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