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Electrolysis of water involves passing an electric current through water to break it into hydrogen and oxygen gases. The positive electrode (anode) attracts negatively charged hydroxide ions (OH-) and oxidizes them to form oxygen gas and water. The negative electrode (cathode) attracts positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) and reduces them to form hydrogen gas and water. This process occurs in an electrolytic cell with two compartments for the gases to collect separately.

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