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For softening of water by zeolite process hard water is percolated at a specified rate through a bed of zeolite, kept in a cylinder. The hardness-causing ions(Ca2+, Mg2+, etc.) are retained by the zeolite as CaZe and MgZe; while the outgoing water contains sodium salts.
What else can I help you with?
Distinguish between the zeolite process and the permutit process?
The zeolite process uses zeolite minerals to exchange ions in water softening, whereas the permutit process uses synthetic ion-exchange resins. Zeolite is a natural material, while permutit is a manufactured synthetic resin. Both processes work by exchanging calcium and magnesium ions in hard water with sodium ions to soften the water.
Why is water softened by Zeolite process is unfit for use in boilers?
Water softened by the Zeolite process is unfit for use in boilers because Zeolite softening does not remove all the hardness ions from the water. The residual hardness ions can lead to scale formation on the boiler's heating surfaces, reducing efficiency and potentially causing equipment damage. Additionally, Zeolite softening may introduce sodium ions into the water, which can lead to corrosion in the boiler system.
What is permutite and zeolite?
Permutite is a trade name for a type of natural zeolite mineral used in water softening and purification. Zeolite is a naturally occurring mineral with a porous structure that can trap and filter out impurities in water, making it useful for various industrial and environmental applications.
What method will you use to remove both temporary and permanent hardness of water?
Permanent hardness of water can be a removed by the following ways: (a) By the use of soda: Soda removes both temporary and permanent hardness. It is also inexpensive and easy to use. This makes it the ideal substance for softening water in the home. (b) Other softening agents in the home: It is difficult for the housewife to be very precise in the use of soda and the water softened by soda may often contain an excess of it, which even if it is slight, may damage certain fabrics. Hence, other softening agents could be used. They are: (i) Soap: Soap is used as a softening agent. However, the use of soap as a softening agent is extravagant on account of its high cost compared with soda. (ii) Caustic soda: It removes temporary hardness but reduces permanent hardness only when the lather is very slight. (iii) Solution of Ammonia: It may be used for softening water, when the fabrics to be treated would be harmed by soda. If used in excess, ammonia may destroy the Iustre of rayon's, discolour and injure animal fabrics and loosen the dyes of coloured articles. Since, it is not possible to be very certain of the quantity to be used; this is not practicable for softening water. (iv) Borax: It is useful for softening water containing over 20% of hardness. Borax is usually used to reduce the alkalinity of soap solution rather than to soften water. (c) Removal of Permanent Hardness by the Base-Exchange Process: Base exchange process' is a chemical method by which, softening of permanent hardness in water can be done on a large scale or for household purposes. It is the most popular and effective means of softening hard water. It was discovered by Dr. Robert Gans, who found out the natural minerals called 'Zeolites', which is very effective in softening water. The Base-Exchange Process includes the following procedures: The water passes through specially prepared zeolite- a sodium compound, called base-exchange compound. it is has the property of being able to exchange its sodium base for another. When hard water passes through the zeolite, the hardening compounds of calcium and magnesium are caught up by the zeolite and become compounds of sodium. Since sodium salts in water do not precipitate out on heating or form soap curds the water is called 'soft'. When a given quantity of water, determined by the size of the appliance, has been softened, the zeolite becomes depleted; having parted with all its sodium, but this can be remedied, as the substance has the property of being able to exchange its base again and to take back sodium in place of calcium and magnesium. This process is called 'regeneration'.Zeolite water softeners made for domestic use are either connected with the men water-supply or fixed on to a water tap.
What is a zeolite?
A zeolite is any of several minerals which have a porous structure, such as aluminosilicates of sodium, potassium, calcium or magnesium, which are used in water softeners and ion exchange chromatography.
Describe the water softening process using zeolite?
Distinguish between scalar and vector quantites.
Distinguish between the zeolite process and the permutit process?
The zeolite process uses zeolite minerals to exchange ions in water softening, whereas the permutit process uses synthetic ion-exchange resins. Zeolite is a natural material, while permutit is a manufactured synthetic resin. Both processes work by exchanging calcium and magnesium ions in hard water with sodium ions to soften the water.
What is permutit process for the purification of water?
The naturally occuring (Na2Al2si2o8 xH2o) is called zeolite. permtit is artificial compound. when hardwater is passed through zeolite the calcium and magnesium salts reacts with sodium zeolite and forms calcium and magnesium zeolites. Na2z+Cacl2-> Caz 2Nacl Mgz+2Nacl->Na2z+mgcl2
Why is water softened by Zeolite process is unfit for use in boilers?
Water softened by the Zeolite process is unfit for use in boilers because Zeolite softening does not remove all the hardness ions from the water. The residual hardness ions can lead to scale formation on the boiler's heating surfaces, reducing efficiency and potentially causing equipment damage. Additionally, Zeolite softening may introduce sodium ions into the water, which can lead to corrosion in the boiler system.
What is permutite and zeolite?
Permutite is a trade name for a type of natural zeolite mineral used in water softening and purification. Zeolite is a naturally occurring mineral with a porous structure that can trap and filter out impurities in water, making it useful for various industrial and environmental applications.
Why is there salt in water softener brine tank?
The sodium in the salt reacts with the zeolite in the softener stripping it of the calcium when you regenerate the softener. When the softener is in service the calcium more readily replaces the sodium on the zeolite resin beads softening the water.
What is permutit process?
The permutit process is a water softening method that uses a synthetic resin called permutit to remove hardness minerals like calcium and magnesium from water. In this process, the resin exchanges sodium ions for the hardness ions, resulting in softened water that is more suitable for various industrial and domestic uses.
How does the permutit process work?
permutit is a process of reducing of temporary and permanent hardness of water .The naturally occuring is called zeolite. permtit is artificial compound.when hardawater is passed through zeolite the calcium and magnesium salts reacts with sodium zeolite and forms calcium and magnesium zeolites.
Why use cation exchanger before anion exchanger in zeolite method of water softening?
If Anion exchanger use before cation exchanger in water treatment system then following problem occured 1. Deposition of sulphate in bed at high pH. 2. Elimination of CO2 Gas will not possible at high pH. 3. Due to very high pH in Cation unit sludge will be form which is the cause of strainer chocking & effect to resin quality. 4. Increse possibility of sodium slippage.
How does salt contribute to the softening process in a water softener system?
Salt contributes to the softening process in a water softener system by regenerating the resin beads. The salt helps to recharge the resin beads by replacing the calcium and magnesium ions that have been collected during the water softening process. This allows the resin beads to continue effectively removing hardness minerals from the water, resulting in softened water for household use.
When zeolite is treated with hard water sodium ions are exchanged by?
calcium ions present in the hard water, leading to the formation of calcium zeolite.
What method will you use to remove both temporary and permanent hardness of water?
Permanent hardness of water can be a removed by the following ways: (a) By the use of soda: Soda removes both temporary and permanent hardness. It is also inexpensive and easy to use. This makes it the ideal substance for softening water in the home. (b) Other softening agents in the home: It is difficult for the housewife to be very precise in the use of soda and the water softened by soda may often contain an excess of it, which even if it is slight, may damage certain fabrics. Hence, other softening agents could be used. They are: (i) Soap: Soap is used as a softening agent. However, the use of soap as a softening agent is extravagant on account of its high cost compared with soda. (ii) Caustic soda: It removes temporary hardness but reduces permanent hardness only when the lather is very slight. (iii) Solution of Ammonia: It may be used for softening water, when the fabrics to be treated would be harmed by soda. If used in excess, ammonia may destroy the Iustre of rayon's, discolour and injure animal fabrics and loosen the dyes of coloured articles. Since, it is not possible to be very certain of the quantity to be used; this is not practicable for softening water. (iv) Borax: It is useful for softening water containing over 20% of hardness. Borax is usually used to reduce the alkalinity of soap solution rather than to soften water. (c) Removal of Permanent Hardness by the Base-Exchange Process: Base exchange process' is a chemical method by which, softening of permanent hardness in water can be done on a large scale or for household purposes. It is the most popular and effective means of softening hard water. It was discovered by Dr. Robert Gans, who found out the natural minerals called 'Zeolites', which is very effective in softening water. The Base-Exchange Process includes the following procedures: The water passes through specially prepared zeolite- a sodium compound, called base-exchange compound. it is has the property of being able to exchange its sodium base for another. When hard water passes through the zeolite, the hardening compounds of calcium and magnesium are caught up by the zeolite and become compounds of sodium. Since sodium salts in water do not precipitate out on heating or form soap curds the water is called 'soft'. When a given quantity of water, determined by the size of the appliance, has been softened, the zeolite becomes depleted; having parted with all its sodium, but this can be remedied, as the substance has the property of being able to exchange its base again and to take back sodium in place of calcium and magnesium. This process is called 'regeneration'.Zeolite water softeners made for domestic use are either connected with the men water-supply or fixed on to a water tap.
