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Several things happen when going up to a higher altitude: First there are short term changes such as breathing more rapidly (hyperventilation) and increasing blood flow by increasing heart rate. This has a limit as the main stimulus for these responses is C02 not oxygen. On a longer term the number of red blood cells are increased (polycythaemia), higher hematocrit and a decrease in plasma volume. Additionally muscles increase their blood supply by stimulating the development of more capillaries and myoglobin content is increased as well as the enzyme: , 3-diphosphoglycerate.

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