How are impulses transmitted to and from the different body parts?

Answer 1

This is a rather tough question to answer succinctly, so here's a summary. Impulses are transmitted throughout the body with the combined efforts of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). The CNS is the brain, spinal cord, retina and cranial nerves. The PNS is the nerves spread throughout the body. The CNS is the core control center that receives, interprets and responds to any and all signals from all over the body. This process is completed by the use of neurotransmitters and inhibitors that initiate the signals along the neural ganglia from the CNS. A neuron is an excitable cell that has a lot of action potential, an action potential is a short acting event in which the electrical membrane potential of a cell rapidly rises and falls, following a consistent trajectory. Through the use of these action potentials and the voltage gated channels in the membranes an electrical pulse is sent throughout the body.
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Answer 2

Impulses are transmitted through neurons in the nervous system. Sensory neurons carry impulses from the body parts to the brain, while motor neurons carry impulses from the brain to the body parts. These impulses are transmitted as electrical signals through the neurons.