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Telomeres are replicated by an enzyme called telomerase. Telomerase adds repetitive DNA sequences to the ends of chromosomes, counteracting the shortening that occurs during DNA replication. This process helps maintain the length of telomeres and preserve cell division capacity.
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How long are human telomeres?
Human telomeres typically measure about 8,000 to 10,000 base pairs in length at birth. As cells divide over time, telomeres gradually shorten, which is associated with aging and cellular senescence. In most somatic cells, telomeres can shorten to around 1,500 to 3,000 base pairs by the time an individual reaches old age. However, certain stem cells and cancer cells can maintain or even lengthen their telomeres through specific mechanisms.
Heterochromatic regions at the ends of chromosomes are?
telomeres, which are essential for maintaining the stability and integrity of the chromosome. They protect the chromosome ends from degradation and prevent them from fusing with other chromosomes. Telomeres also play a role in regulating the cell's lifespan and preventing chromosomal abnormalities.
Is a repetitive sequence at the end of each human chromosome?
Yes, each human chromosome has a repetitive sequence at its ends called telomeres. These telomeres protect the chromosome from degradation and prevent it from fusing with neighboring chromosomes. As cells divide, telomeres shorten, which is associated with aging and limits the number of times a cell can divide. When telomeres become critically short, the cell may enter a state of senescence or undergo apoptosis.
What are repetitive DNA sequences in the ends of chromosomes called?
Telomeres
What are tips of chromosomes called?
The tips of chromosomes are called telomeres. They are repetitive sequences of DNA that protect the ends of chromosomes from deterioration or fusion with neighboring chromosomes. Telomeres play a crucial role in cellular aging and stability, as they shorten with each cell division. When telomeres become too short, the cell can undergo senescence or apoptosis.
How are telomeres important for preserving eukaryotic genes?
Telomeres solve the end replication problem by extending the 3' end of the chromosome. Without them, the 3' end can't be replicated since replication is 5' to 3'.
In a diploid cell in which 2n equals 14 how many telomeres are there in each of the follow phases of the cell cycle a. G1 b. G2 c. mitotic prophase d. mitotic telophase?
There are two telomeres for each chromosome, so you need to figure out how many chromosomes there are at each stage and multiply that by two. G1-- growth phase: 14 chromosomes = 28 telomeres G2-- growth phase after replication in S phase: 28 chromosomes= 56 telomeres Mitotic Prophase-- before cell division, nuclear membrane disappears: 28 chromosomes= 56 telomeres Mitotic telophase-- nuclei separate: 14 chromosomes = 28 telomeres
Is obesity related to telomeres?
Yes. We all begin as 1 cell and as it divides the telomeres become shorter. Larger people have more cells than smaller people and therefore have shorter telomeres.
What is the protective cap of DNA on the tip of chromosomes?
The telomere is the protective cap of DNA on the tip of chromosomes. You lose a small amount of these telomeres each time the cell divides. Eventually the telomeres be lost as you age. Short chromosomes because of lack telomeres are one reason aging occurs.
What is structure is the mitotic clock?
Telomeres
At what part will DNA strand separate?
telomeres
What helps to prevent the loss of genes?
Telomeres
Do humans possess telomerase, the enzyme responsible for maintaining the length of telomeres?
Yes, humans do possess telomerase, the enzyme responsible for maintaining the length of telomeres.
Heterochromatic regions at the ends of chromosomes are?
telomeres, which are essential for maintaining the stability and integrity of the chromosome. They protect the chromosome ends from degradation and prevent them from fusing with other chromosomes. Telomeres also play a role in regulating the cell's lifespan and preventing chromosomal abnormalities.
Why do prokaryotic chromosomes not have telomeres?
because it has its own modification and restriction system which prevents its own DNA from degradation as telomeres are mainly responsible to protect the DNA from exonuclease activity of DNase.
Is a repetitive sequence at the end of each human chromosome?
Yes, each human chromosome has a repetitive sequence at its ends called telomeres. These telomeres protect the chromosome from degradation and prevent it from fusing with neighboring chromosomes. As cells divide, telomeres shorten, which is associated with aging and limits the number of times a cell can divide. When telomeres become critically short, the cell may enter a state of senescence or undergo apoptosis.
What is another word for replicated?
copy is another word for replicated.
