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A hormone provokes a response in a cell by binding to specific receptors on the cell surface or within the cell. This binding initiates a cascade of biochemical events, often involving second messengers, that alter cellular activities such as gene expression, metabolism, or ion channel activity. The specificity of the hormone-receptor interaction ensures that only target cells respond to the hormone, leading to a coordinated physiological response. This process exemplifies how signaling pathways regulate various functions in the body.
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What recognizes a hormone's chemical structure?
Hormones are recognized by specific receptors on target cells that match their chemical structure. These receptors are typically proteins that bind to the hormone molecule, triggering a response within the cell. The binding of the hormone to its receptor initiates a signaling cascade that leads to the cellular response.
Why target cell respond to the hormone while others are uneffected?
Hormones are chemical messengers. In order to have an effect on a cell then it is necessary for the cell to have the correct receptor proteins. The hormone can bind to these receptor proteins and therefore will affect the cell.
What is a Specific structure that responds to a particular hormone?
The structure is called a hormone receptor. It is a protein located on the surface or within a cell that binds to a specific hormone, triggering a cellular response.
Which intracellular substance degrades cAMP thus inactivating the response to a hormone?
Phosphodiesterase degrades cAMP in the cell, leading to the inactivation of the response to a hormone. This enzyme is crucial in regulating signal transduction pathways by breaking down cAMP into AMP.
Is the responsiveness of cells to hormones determined by the presence or absence of specific hormone receptor proteins?
Yes, the responsiveness of cells to hormones is determined by the presence of specific hormone receptor proteins on the cell surface or inside the cell. When a hormone binds to its corresponding receptor, it triggers a cellular response. Cells without the specific receptor for a hormone are not able to respond to that hormone.
Can a pathogen provoke a cell mediated response and an antibody mediated response?
no
What recognizes a hormone's chemical structure?
Hormones are recognized by specific receptors on target cells that match their chemical structure. These receptors are typically proteins that bind to the hormone molecule, triggering a response within the cell. The binding of the hormone to its receptor initiates a signaling cascade that leads to the cellular response.
A given pathogen will provoke either a cell-mediated response or an antibody-mediated response but not both?
This statement is not accurate. Pathogens can provoke both cell-mediated and antibody-mediated responses at the same time. The type of immune response generated depends on the specific characteristics of the pathogen and the immune system of the host.
What membrane protein is responsible for binding hormones that can switch on a cell?
The membrane protein responsible for binding hormones that can switch on a cell's response is typically a hormone receptor. These receptors are often found on the surface of the cell membrane and can activate signaling pathways inside the cell in response to hormone binding.
How can a hormone that is present in very small quantities within the bloodstream elicit such a response?
The message from the hormone is amplified many times within the cell
Why target cell respond to the hormone while others are uneffected?
Hormones are chemical messengers. In order to have an effect on a cell then it is necessary for the cell to have the correct receptor proteins. The hormone can bind to these receptor proteins and therefore will affect the cell.
What is a Specific structure that responds to a particular hormone?
The structure is called a hormone receptor. It is a protein located on the surface or within a cell that binds to a specific hormone, triggering a cellular response.
Which intracellular substance degrades cAMP thus inactivating the response to a hormone?
Phosphodiesterase degrades cAMP in the cell, leading to the inactivation of the response to a hormone. This enzyme is crucial in regulating signal transduction pathways by breaking down cAMP into AMP.
Is the responsiveness of cells to hormones determined by the presence or absence of specific hormone receptor proteins?
Yes, the responsiveness of cells to hormones is determined by the presence of specific hormone receptor proteins on the cell surface or inside the cell. When a hormone binds to its corresponding receptor, it triggers a cellular response. Cells without the specific receptor for a hormone are not able to respond to that hormone.
Target cells for a given hormone have the correct?
receptors on their surface that specifically bind to the hormone, triggering a signaling cascade within the cell. This cascade leads to specific cellular responses and effects in response to the hormone's presence.
What physical event represents the receipt of an intercellular signal?
The binding of a signaling molecule, such as a hormone or neurotransmitter, to its respective receptor on the cell membrane represents the receipt of an intercellular signal. This binding triggers a cascade of events inside the cell, leading to a cellular response.
What are two ways in which the chemical message of a hormone is converted into a cell response inside the cell?
One way is through binding of the hormone to a receptor on the cell surface, leading to the activation of intracellular signaling cascades. Another way is by the hormone entering the cell and interacting with receptors within the cytoplasm or nucleus to alter gene expression and protein synthesis.
