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Scientists had already reached the milestone of fully sequencing their first genome that of the FX174 bacteriophage, whose 5,375 nucleotides had been determined in 1977 (Sanger et al., [ 1977b) but this endeavor proved much easier than sequencing the genomes of more complex life forms. Indeed, the prospect of sequencing the 1 million base pairs of the E. coli genome or the 3 billion nucleotides of the human genome seemed close to impossible. ..............
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What would be the fate of a lytic bacteriophage if the host cell died prior to the assembly stage?
If the host cell dies before the bacteriophage completes its assembly stage, the bacteriophage will not be able to produce new viral particles. As a result, it will not be able to infect new host cells and will also not be able to replicate itself. The bacteriophage is essentially rendered ineffective in the absence of a living host cell.
What is a viral infection that leads to the integration of the viral genome into the host cell genome?
Lysogenic cycle
What is another name for a bacteriophage?
You can break the word into: Bacterio+Phagein Bacterio=Bacteria Phagein(greek)=to eat Bacteriophages are viruses that consume bacteria. ie. Their host cells are bacteria.
Is a virus that infects bacteria called bacteriophage?
bacteriophage
A virus that infects bacteria?
A virus that infects bacteria is called a bacteriophage. Bacteriophages inject their genetic material into the bacteria and use the host's machinery to replicate. They are being studied for potential use in treating bacterial infections in humans.
What is a prophage-?
A prophage is a phage genome that is integrated into the DNA of a bacterial host and replicates along with the host's DNA. It remains dormant within the host cell until it is triggered to enter the lytic cycle, where it replicates and eventually lyses the host cell.
At what point in the reproductive cycle of the T4 bacteriophage is host cell infection irreversible?
Once the T4 bacteriophage injects its genetic material into the host cell, infection becomes irreversible. This usually occurs as soon as the phage's tail fibers attach and the genome is injected, initiating the takeover of the host cell machinery for viral replication.
What is a lysogenic bacteriophage?
Lysogenic is when the virus enters and binds into the hosts DNA and one could replicate slowly or two when the virus sense the host cell is about to die, the virus will go into lyic cycle and replicate and kills the host cell.
What is a prophage gene?
A prophage gene is a gene of a bacteriophage (virus that targets bacteria) that is inserted and integrated into the circular bacterial DNA chromosome or plasmid. Bacteriophages reproduce by inserting their genome into that of a bacterium and thus getting their genes read and viral proteins produced.
Which events occurs in the lytic cycle of bacteriophage T4 infection but not in the lysogenic cycle?
In the lytic cycle of bacteriophage T4 infection, the viral DNA takes control of the host cell machinery to replicate and assemble new viruses, leading to cell lysis and release of viral particles. This process does not involve integration of the viral DNA into the host genome, which is a key characteristic of the lysogenic cycle.
What is called a virus that has a bacterial host?
bacteriophage
Do temperate phage form bacteriophage plaques?
Yes, temperate phages can form bacteriophage plaques when they infect bacterial cells. Temperate phages have the ability to integrate into the bacterial host genome as a prophage and can undergo a lysogenic cycle where they replicate alongside the host cell without causing immediate lysis. If conditions change, they can enter a lytic cycle and form plaques by causing host cell lysis.
What would be the fate of a lytic bacteriophage if the host cell died prior to the assembly stage?
If the host cell dies before the bacteriophage completes its assembly stage, the bacteriophage will not be able to produce new viral particles. As a result, it will not be able to infect new host cells and will also not be able to replicate itself. The bacteriophage is essentially rendered ineffective in the absence of a living host cell.
What is bacteriophage capsid?
Correct. For APEX it is, A protective shell around a virus.
What is a viral infection that leads to the integration of the viral genome into the host cell genome?
Lysogenic cycle
What are the two ways a virus multiplies?
A bacteriophage ( virus that infect bacteria) can multiply in a cell by two ways:lytic and lysogenic cycle.In lytic cycle, the phage DNA enters the cell, replicate and assembled within the cell and released outside by rupturing the host. It continues to invade the other bacteria.In case of lysogenic cycle the phage DNA once it enter the host cell gets integrated into the host genome and multiply along with host DNA. It remains latent. Upon proper induction, it undergoes lytic cycle again.The viruses that multiply by integrating into the host genome are widely used in gene therapy.
What is lysogenic conversion?
Lysogenic conversion occurs when a bacteriophage integrates its DNA into the host bacterium's genome during the lysogenic cycle. This can lead to the insertion of new genetic material that may alter the phenotype of the host bacterium, such as providing new traits or making the bacterium pathogenic.
