How diamond and graphite are stable in octet state?

Answer 1

Diamond and graphite are both stable forms of carbon, but they exhibit different structures that achieve stability in the octet state. In diamond, each carbon atom forms four strong covalent bonds in a tetrahedral arrangement, leading to a three-dimensional structure where each carbon shares electrons with four others, satisfying the octet rule. In contrast, graphite consists of layers of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, where each carbon atom forms three bonds with neighboring atoms, allowing for delocalized electrons that contribute to its stability and conductivity. Both structures ensure that each carbon atom effectively utilizes its four valence electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.