Galieo was the first scientist to study the night sky systematically with a telescope. One of the things he discovered was the phases of Venus, which had not been seen before.
In a telescope Venus looks like a crescent when it passes between the Earth and Sun, for a few weeks either side of its closest approach to Earth, called inferior conjunction, when it is invisible (in line with the Sun approximately). That was consistent with the old geocentric theory that placed the Earth at the centre of everything.
Galileo also discovered that when Venus is near its furthest point, superior conjunction, it shows a gibbous phase (like the Moon between half-moon and full moon). That is not explained by the geocentric theory called the Ptolemaic system, that had lasted for 1500 years, because it shows that Venus in this part of its orbit is further away from us than the Sun, which is impossible in the Ptolemaic system.
Galileo used this as a proof of Copernicus's heliocentric theory, but he was mistaken in this because Tycho Brahe had produced a geocentric theory that still had the Earth at the centre, but allowed Venus to pass behind the Sun (as seen from Earth).
It needed many further discoveries after the time of Galileo to make people realise that the heliocentric concept is the correct one. The modern system uses Kepler's model. Kepler used the Copernican idea of having the Sun at the centre, but threw out the circles and epicycles of the Copernican theory. In the modern theory based on Kepler's laws, each planet is in an elliptical orbit with the Sun occupying one focus.
Scientific method refers to a body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge. answered by: Cyrene Joy Perez SoLa .. :)
evidence of ice.
During the Middle Ages, scientists relied heavily on philosophical and religious beliefs to guide their research and conclusions. They often used deductive reasoning based on previous knowledge rather than experimental evidence. The Church also played a significant role in shaping scientific thought during this time period.
Ptolemy used observational data gathered by previous astronomers, such as Hipparchus, to develop his geocentric model of the universe. He believed that the Earth was at the center of the universe based on observations that celestial bodies moved in complex patterns in the sky.
1 ask a question 2 do background research 3 construct an hypothesis 4 test your hypothesis by doing an experiment 5 analyse your data and draw a conclusion 6 communicate your results
Previous observation, instinct of the scientists, or just pure guess.
The hypothesis is supported by data from previous research studies, observational data, and controlled experiments. This data may include statistical analyses, graphs, tables, findings from literature reviews, and expert opinions. Additionally, the hypothesis may be supported by correlations, significant p-values, and reproducible results from multiple studies.
due to my previous findings my hypothesis was wrong
Invariably, they arise out of a curious mind. People make observations and notice what might be subtle patterns in the information, or they think about a problem in one field by playing with ideas from another field, or a thought comes after struggling with a problem for a long time. They can arise in any number of ways; but they all have curious minds as their means of expression.
A hypothesis is a proposition made as a basis for reasoning, without any assumption of its truth. It is an unproved theory or conjecture that may be the basis for experimentation.
A common acronym for the five steps of the scientific method is "OHEAC," which stands for Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment, Analysis, and Conclusion. This framework helps guide researchers in systematically investigating phenomena and drawing valid conclusions based on empirical evidence. Each step builds upon the previous one to ensure a thorough understanding of the scientific inquiry process.
Empirical evidence is an observed phenomenon that appears the same to all observers. In science, evidence is never "proven true," nor is any hypothesis or theory. Scientific information is only considered valid until further evidence is observed that contradicts the hypothesis, theory, or interpretation of previous evidence. Therefore, the concept of proof is not a part of science. It is a valid concept in mathematics and law, but not science in its strictest sense. This reliance on empirical evidence is one of several measures that maintain science as a self-correcting means of studying and learning.
A good research hypothesis must first, and most importantly, have a testable hypothesis. The hypothesis should be stated, it is not a question. It should be brief and to the point. Finally, there should some previous research that should be used to help form the hypothesis.
The typical order of steps in the scientific method is: 1) Observation, 2) Question, 3) Hypothesis, 4) Experiment, 5) Analysis, and 6) Conclusion. This process allows scientists to systematically investigate phenomena, test their ideas, and draw conclusions based on empirical evidence. Each step builds on the previous one to ensure a thorough exploration of the research question.
A good research hypothesis must first, and most importantly, have a testable hypothesis. The hypothesis should be stated, it is not a question. It should be brief and to the point. Finally, there should some previous research that should be used to help form the hypothesis.
hypothesis
Hypothesis.