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Greece was mainly composed of city states free from each other, where no one city dominated all others. It is a situation where there can be no unified country. Such a region cannot dominate other regions around. It may be because of Geography that did not allow communications between them as is the case with many other regions.

Only Macedonia, a bit to the interior, developed traits to dominate other regions. It developed an Empire that encompassed whole of Greece, somehow.

Such unity in the face of external aggression like that from Persia was demonstrated amply. But it didn't last.

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Related Questions

How did the geography of Greece present pbstacles to unity?

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