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The distance of a planet from the Sun affects its time to revolve around the Sun because the circumference of its orbit is larger; hence, the planet has to travel a longer line to complete one revolution.

Earth, for example, travels along its orbit at over 29 kilometers per second. The planet Mars travels along its orbit at about 24 kilometers per second, so not much slower. However, Mars is farther away and hence its journey is longer, so it still takes about 687 days for Mars to complete one revolution versus Earth's 365 days.

This only addresses how distance from the Sun can influence the revolution time -- tidal effects on the planets also affect how quickly they move along their orbit.

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A planet with a large orbit around the sun has?

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Why a planet farther from the sun has a longer period of revolution than a planet closer to the sun?

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