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We don't, really. We watch the skies and see what we can see, and we make inferences and see if we can determine the general principles of what did happen based on how things are now, and then extrapolate from there. Any scientist who tells you that he KNOWS what the future holds is a liar and a charlatan.

As new information is discovered, with bigger and more sensitive telescopes and other instruments, we try to refine our theories. Any theory that does not correspond to the observed facts is false and needs to be rejected or re-thought, and this happens fairly regularly.

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15y ago

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